Fringe-loom.



H. J. MULLER,

FRINGE LOOM.

APPLICATION FILED PEB.13, 1912. I 1,044,226. Patented N0v.12,1912.

5 SHEETSSHEET 1 H. J. MULLER.

FRINGE LOOM.

APPLIGATION FILED FEB.13, 1912.

1,044,226 Patented Nov. 12, 1912.

5 SHEBTS-SHEET 2.

H. J. MI I LLEIL FRINGE LOOM. APPLIDATION FILED FEB. 13, 1912.

Patented N0v.12,1912.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

.H. J. MiiLLER.

FRINGE LOOM.

APPLIOATION FILED 313.13, 1912.

manned Nov. 12,1912.

5 SHEETS-SHBET 4.

11. J. MTJ'LLER.

FRINGE LOOM. ArPLIoATIoN' FILED PEB.13, 1912.

Patented Nov. 12, 1912.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

To all whom it may concem:

UNITED srnras PATENT orrron.

HERMAN J. un-Len, or PHILADELPHIA, rn vnsrtvaivrn, ASSIGNOR r0 THE HENSEL SILK MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OI PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPO- RATION. OF PENNSYLVANIA.

or r 226.

Be itknown that I, HERMAN J. MtiLLER, a citizen of the United States, residing in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, have'invented certain Improvements in F ringe-Looms,co f which the followingis aspecification.

My invention relates to the manufacture of fringe and consists primarily of improve ments in -mechanism for making woven fringe in which the strands or bullions are produced by thefree ends of interwoven weft threads.

The chief object of my invention is to construct a machine that will becapable of pr'oducinga fringe having a large number of strands of twisted bullion per inch and that said strands maybe of variable lengths so as to have their free ends form scallops or other predetermined variable contours.

Another object is that the mechanism constituting my invention will be durable, of simple construction and can be readily changed to make difi'erent designs.

, Another object of my invention is to provide mechanism whereby the variable length strands of bullion may be cut. Y

These and other objects, which will be brought out in thespecification, I attain in the following manner, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1, is a front elevation of sufficient of a fringe loom to illustrate'my vinvention; Fig. 2, is a View similar to Fig.1 showing di erent positions of certain of the elements of my improved mechanism. Fig. 3, be

perspective view showing the strand-insertmg and twisting-hook within the warp shed. Fig. 4, is an enlarged fragmental sectional plan View ofcertain of the elements which .I employ in my invention. Fig. 5, is a view showing different positions of the .elements shown in Fig. 3 during another stage of the operation. showing a strand of bullion being knocked off the twisting hook; Fig. 7,.-is a fragmental elevation. of design or strand length controlling mechanism which I employ;

Fig. 8, is a perspective view showing strand cutting mechanism which 'I employ; Fig.. 9, is a plan view of the mechanism shown in Fig. 8, 'aftti the lay has beaten up the bullion beforethe cutter acts; Figs. 10

to .15 inclusive, 'areg diagrammatic views of some ofthe forms offrmge capableof being Specification of Letters latent. Application filed February s, 1912. Serial No.

Fig. 6, is a perspective view.

FRINGE-LOOK. I

Patented ov. 12, 19:12. 677,291.

made on myjmprovenl machine; and Fig. 16, 1s a modification of the strand length regulating mechanismwhich I employ.

Referring tothe drawings, 1 is the main frame. of the loom to which thelay 2 is pivotallyattached at3. The reed. frame 4 car-' ried by the lay 2 is provided with a plurality-of series of reed blades 5; the number of said series being according to'the'number' 'of the lengths of fringe being made. Warp threads 6 passbetween the reed blades and are controlled by heddles or jacquard to form the shed for the insertion of weft yarn 7 in the usual manner. The weft 7, which constitutes the material for the strands of bullion in the manufacture of the fringe, may be controlledby heddlesS orequivalent means to raise andlower them into and out of the path-of a hook in amanner and for the purpose hereinafter described. A bar 9 is slidably mounted on anti-friction rollers lO-supported on the lay beam. A series of rotatable twisting hooks 13, one for :each

journal standards 14 attached to the bar 9.

A shaft 15 journaled in standards 16 on length of fringe being made, are mounted in thelay beam 12 is rotated in one direction the end of the slidable bar 9 by two pulleys 22 and 23 rotatably mounted on the stand- ;ard 24; the latter being attached to the lay beam 12.

Mounted so as to extend from the outer surfaces of a belt'21 area plurality of variable length lugs orprojections 25which are designed to co-act with the slidable bar 9 to effect variable lengthstrands of bullion in a manner more fully set forth hereinafter.

A ratchet wheel 26 is secured to the pulley 23. A weighted lever 27 is loosely pivoted at 27* and supports an actuating pawl 28 adapted to move the pulley 23 and design belt 21' by engaging the teeth of the ratchet wheel 26. .A spring'detent pawl 29 is secured to the lay beam 12 and serves to pre vent a back movement of a pulley 23. The I axis of the pulley 23 is substantially 011 a line with the center of the path of move.-

113611 21 of th'e'bar 9 and the lugs or projections 25 are so connected to the belt 21 that;

ends 31 are slightly bent downward and form a return ru'n'as clearly shown in Fig. 5. ,These springs act as a resilient medium-to knock off the strands ofbullion from the hooks '13. A rock shaft 32 is mounted in bearings 33 on thelmain loom breast beam 34. Knock off levers 35 are keyed at various points throughout the' length of the rock shaft 32 and are adapted to 'strike the tops and 'returninns of-the knock off springs 30. A ratchet wheel 36 is fixed on the drum 17. A disk 37 is keyed to the shafta15 and is provided with adrag pawl 38 adapted to pass over or engage the tooth ofithe ratchet 36 according to the dig rectio rwhichthe drum 17 is rotated. A fpositionra-tchet wheel 39 is keyed to the shaft 15 and is controlled by a pawl 40, and a spring-41 andacts to insure the correctpositioning of the twisting hooks 13 just before'the knock as in the usual manner. A'cam shaft 42 "is rotat-ably supported in the main frame 1' and carries cams 43, 44 and 45 operable to move levers 46, 47 and 48 respectively. A pulley 49 is 'shpported on the main structure 'on the transverse beam 50 of the frame 1 and serves as an anti-friction guide for a cord 51, said cord 51 having its ends attachedrespectively to the weight 27 and the cam lever 47 A lever 52 having arms '53 and 54 is pivoted at 55 to a standard 56' mounted on the transverse beam 50; a cord 57 connects arm 53 with the cam lever 46; a cord '58 has one end attached to and wound around the drum 17 and the otherend connected to the arm 54 of the lever 52. A

L cord 59 has one end attached to and wound around the drum 17 in direction opposite to the winding of the cord 58, and has its other end attached to a spring 60 suspended from the transverse beam 50., A pulley 61 is mounted on a standard 62 attached to the lay beam 12; a pulley 63 is attached to the transverse beam 50 and forms together with 55. the pulley 61, an anti-friction guide for a cord64.' Said cord 64 having one end attached to the slidable bar 9 at a point to one side of the axis of the pulley 61, andthe other end supports av weight 65 clearly shown on Figs. 1 and 2. I A lever 66 having arms 67 and 68 "is pivoted on 69 to a. journal standard 70 attached to thetransverse beam 50., A cord 71 has one end connected to thearm 67 'and the other end attached tothe' cam lever 47. A pulley 72 is supported'on a standard62 and forms an ant-i friction guide for a cord 7 3, havinggone end attached to the slidablebar9to the opposite side of the axis of the pulley 61to which the end of the cord 64 is attached, and hasv the other end attachedto'thearm 68 of the lever 66. A- tension spring 74 has its-ends attached to the cord 73 and forms a take up for the latter during one stageofjthe opera.- tion as clearly shown in Fig. 1. I A lever 75 is keyed to the rock-shaft 32. A cord 76 has one end attached to the lever 7 5' and the other end attached to the cam lever 48.

When itis desiredto produce cut-strand fringe elements such as areshown-in Figs. 8 and 9 are substituted for the rotatable hooks 13 and the drum 17 is rendered inoperative. The hooks shown in Figs. 8 and I 9 at 13 are adjustably supported within standard 14 and havenorotary motion in the present instance. The shanks of the hooks 13 are preferably made rectangular in cross section as shown at-77 and-form bearings for slides 7 8. The said slides 7 8 have arms 79 extending therefrom which; serve as supports for adjustable-knives 80.

The forward end of the hooks 13* are slotted 1 511281 and it is within these slots that the knives 80 are adapted to move; .Theslides 7 8 are held in their normal positions by tensionsprings 83. Pulleys 84 aremounted on standards 85 attachedto the slidable bar 9. These pulleys 84 act as anti-friction guides for cords 86 having their ends attached respectively to the slides 78 and the knock ofi levers 35. Springs 87 having their ends attached to respective cords 86 act as take up means to keep the cords 86 taut during the cutting of the variable lengths. of strands. i

The operation of the foregoin mechanism is as follows :'The shaft 42 is rotated by pulleys or gears (not shown) from the main drive, and the cams 43, 4-4 and 45 impart a reciprocating motion to the levers 46, 47 and 48 respectively. The lay beam 12 and the associate elements contained thereon receives the usual back and forward movement. The warp threads 6 are controlled to form sheds at predetermined instances in the usual manner. A downward movement of the lever 47, effected by the cam 44, causes the cord 73 to'slide bar 9 in the direction indicated by an arrow in Fig. 1, to movethe hooks 13 through the sheds which are formed in their respective warp threads,

At this stage of the lever 47, the weight 65, which was conse quently raised by the sliding movement ofthe bar 9'in'the direction above mentioned,-

will tend to move the bar 9 and the hooks 13 in the opposite direction, as indicated by the arrow in Fig. 2. The weft-threads 7 at this time being in the path of the hooked ends of the twisting hooks 13 will be caught thereby and pulled through the respective sheds, as clearly shown in Figs. 3- and 4, until the end'of the bar 9, adjacent the design plate 21, is stopped by coming in contact with one of the lugs .25. Thus it will be seen that if the said end of the bar 9 comes. in

contact with. a short lug, as shown in Fig. 2, the strands drawn by the needles will be longer (see Figs. 2 and 4:) than if the said end of the bar 9 should come in contact with a long lug on the same design belt as shown in Figs. 1 and 3. After the hooks 13 have drawn the strand through the sheds, as shown in Figs. 1 to 4, thelay beats up the said strands and the sheds change so as to lock the strands therein. The cam at?) then acts to lower the lever 46, to operate the cords 57 and 58, to rotate the drum 17 in one direction; the drag pawl 38 is thus affected by the ratchet wheel 36 to rotate the disk 37, the shaft 15, gearwheels 19, pinions 20, and twisting hooks 13 thus imparting a twist to the several'strands held by the hooks l3.

The rotation of the drum 17 as just described causes the cord 59 to be wound thereon and thereby attenuate the spring 60. As soon as the cam 14: allows the lever 4.7 to rise, the attenuated spring 60 contracts and, by rotating the drum in the opposite direction to that just described, re-windsthe-cord 58 on the drum so as to be ready. for the next twisting action. The cam then lo-wers the lever 48 and thereby rocks the rock shaft 32 and knock off arms 35. The

. knock off arms, in turn, strike the springs 31 and knock off the twisted strands or bullion as clearly shown in Fig. 6. The sheds are again opened and the actions of the several parts are repeated as above de scribed.

I Each time that the'le-ver 47 is lowered, the cord 51 will raisethe weighted lever27and cause the pawl 28 tomove the ratchet wheel 26. In the present instance, as shownin the drawings, a movement of the ratchet wheel equal to one tooth thereof is-sufiicient to bring a successive lug 25 in alinement .with the slidable bar 9 and the axis of the pulley 23, although it will be understood that the mechanism could be constructed to require more than the movement of the weighted lever to bring a successive lug in alinement with the bar 9 if it was so desired and without departing from the spirit of my invention.

- Asshown in Figs? .1 and-.2 the design-belt contains. two repeats of lugs; each repeat being arranged to control the drawing of variable length strands as shown in Figs. 1

-t0 9, and forming a scalloped edge fringe.

Many designs of fringe edgin'gs can'be made by the mechanism of my invention, it merely being necessary to arrange the lugs on the design belt to correspond with the contour of the edging desired. For example, instead of having the lugs -25 evenly diminishing and increasing in length as shown in Figs. 1 and 2 they may-be ar-' ranged so that the shortest lug would be adjacent the longest lug and to produce a step-shaped edging such'as is shown in Fig. 11. The length of theupper runs of the springs 31 are made relative to the shortest and longest strands desired, so that the said springs are always in the path of the knock offarms. .As the slid'able bar 9 always moves to the same limit when sliding away from the design belt 21 but does not always move the same distance towardthe design belt, the spring 74 prevents a slack in the cord 73 when the'bar 9 is abutting a high link. i

In thefoperation when it is desired to cut the strands instead of twisting them, a

downward movement of the arm 35 slides the knife into contact with and cuts the strandsafter the latter has been pulled the desired distance.

Instead of having the design mechanism in the form of a belt having lugs thereon I could substitute a rotatable plate having a stepped or other irregular periphery as shown in Fig. 16. Also, while it has been customary, in fringe looms of'the type illustrated in the accompanying drawings, to use cords to effect several of the-movements of the elements it will beunderstood that these movements can. be effected in any other maner without departing from the. spirit of my invention.

I claim:

1. The combination, in a fringe loom, in

3 which wefts are interwoven with warps to form'bullion strands, of weft carrying means and means'i'or moving the weft carrying means to different extents and between the to form bullion strands, of weft carrying means; means tor mov ng the Weft carrying means t4 different extents and between successive sheds of the warp to carry variable length strands of the weft between the said sheds of the warp.

l. The combination in a fringe loom in which wefts are interwoven. with warps to form bullion strands, of a hook, means for moving the hook into successive warp sheds to receive a thread, means for moving the hook out of the warp sheds; and means for varying the extent ofthe movement of the hook in, successive sheds to produce strands of variable lengths.

5. The combination in a fringe loom in which wefts are interwoven with warps 'to form bullion strands, of a hook, means for moving the hook into the successive shed o1 thewarp to receive a bullion forming thread; means for moving the hook while holding the bullion thread out of the sheds;-

and means for predeterminingly varying the distance of the outward movementof hook in certain sheds of the warp.

' 6. The combination in a fringe loom in which wefts are interwoven with warps to form bullion strands, of a hook, means for moving the hook into the successive shed of the warp to receive a bullion forming thread; means for moving the hook while holding the bullion thread out of the sheds;

and means for predeterminingly varying the distance of the outward movement of hook in certain sheds of the warp; and means for knocking the bullion strand I off the book after the latter has completed its outer movement.-

I 7. The combination, in a fringe loom,

, in which weft-s are interwoven with warps to form bullion strands, of weft carrying means; means for moving the weft carry-- ing means to different extents and through certain of the warp sheds to draw variable length looped strands of the weft yarn thrdugh the sheds of the warp; means for interweaving the warp and the weft; and means for actuating the weft carrying means to twist the looped strands of weft.

'8. The combination in a fringe loom in which wefts are interwoven with warps to formbullion strands, of the lay; a hook mounted on the lay; means for moving the hook into a shed of the warp; means for feeding a thread to the hook; means for moving the hook, while holding the thread,

.out of the shed; means for limiting the outward movement of the hook, said limiting means having a variable contour whereby the distance of movement of the hook 1s varied.

9. Thecombination in a fringe loom in which wefts are interwoven with warps to warp; means for feedingyarn to the hook;

means for sliding the bar to move the hook, while holding the yarn, out of the shed; means having a variable contour for limiting the distance of outward movement of the hook and bar.

1.0. The combination, in a fringe loom in which wefts are interwoven with war s to form bullion strands, of a lay; a bar sli able on said lay; a hook adjacent one side of the warp lease and carried bythe bar; means operable upon the bar to move the hook into the warp sheds; means for feeding the weft to the hook; means operable 'upon the bar to pull the loops of the weft through the sheds of the warp; and means limiting, to different extents, the possible movement of the nook when pulling the said loops of the well, through the sheds of the warp to produce variable length strands.

11. The combination, in a fringe loom in which wefts are interwoven with warps to form bullion strands, of a lay; a bar slidable on said lay; a hook adjacent one side of the warp lease and carried by the bar; means operable upon the bar to move the hook into the warp sheds; means for feeding the weft to the hook; means operable upon the bar to cause the hook to pull the loops of the weft through the sheds of the warp; means limiting, to different extents,

the possible movement of the hook when length strands; and means for actuating the hook to twist thesaid loops of the weft.

12. The combination in a fringe loom in which wefts are interwoven with warps to form bullion strands, of a lay; a bar slidable on said lay; hooks adjacent respective leases of warps, and carried by the bar; means operable upon the bar to move the hooks into the sheds of their respective warps; means for feeding the wefts to the hooks; means operable upon the bar to pull loops of the wefts through thesheds of the warps; and means cooperating with the bar for limiting, to a difierent extent the lengths of the weft loops in certain of the successive warp sheds.

13. The combination ina fringe loom in which weftsare interwoven with warps to form bullion strands, of a lay; a bar slidable on the lay; a shaft journaled on the lay; a hook rotatably mounted on said bar; a pinion keyed to said hook; a gear wheel keyed to said shaft, and meshing with the pinion on the hook; means operable upon the bar to move the hook into the sheds of the warp; means for feedinga strand of yarn to the hook; means operable upon the bar to move the hook out of the shed, and topulla loop of the said yarn hrough the warp shed;

twist-the loop held by the hook; means for Varying to a diflerent extent the outward movement to said bar; and means for disengaging the twisted strands from the hook.

14. The combination in-a fringe loom of a lay; bar 'slidable on -the lag; a plurality of hooks retata'bly mounted On'the bar; a shaft rotatably mounted on the lay; a pinion keyed to each of the hooks; a plurality of gear wheels keyed to the shaft, and each meshing with a respective pinion of the hooks; means operable to move the hooks into respective warp sheds; means for feed mg yarn to the hooks while in the warp sheds; means operable upon the bar to move the needles out .-of the sheds, and thereby draw loops of "the yarn between the warp sheds; a spring adjacent each hook; a ro k shaft; a plurality'of arms keyed to the rock shaft, each of said arms at all times being adjacent: a respective spring; means for rotating the first main shaft to twistthe loops ofyarn; means 'for varying to a different extent in certain of the warp sheds the outward movements of the hooks andimeans for actuating said rock shaft to strike the;

said springs, to disengagethe twisted straiidsQ from the hooks.

15. The combination in a loom in. which wefts are interwoven with warps to form bullion. strands, of a -lease-of warp; weft yarn adjacent to warp, and means movable to different extents for pulling variable length loops'of the weftthrough the warp shed; and means for interweaving the variable length loops. Q

16. The combination in a loom in which weftsare interwoven with warps ,to form bullion strands, of a lease of warp; weft yarn adjacent to warp, and means movable to different extents for pulling variable length loops of the weft through the warp shed; means for interweaving the variablelength loops; and means for twisting the intel-woven loops.

17. The combination, in a fringe loom, in which wefts are interwoven with warps to form bullion strands, of a lay; a bar slidablymounted on the lay; a plurality of hooks rotatablv mounted on thelay; a pinion keyed to each ofsaid hooks; a plurality of gear wheels keyed to said shaft, each of said gear wheels meshing with'the respectiveipinion of a hook; means for moving the bar in one direction, to pass the hooks in thelr respec-- tive warp sheds; means for feeding yarn to the respective hooks; means for moving the bar in the opposite direction to. pull loops of the weft through thewarp sheds; means having a variable contour upon whichthe bar abuts and for limiting the distance of the latter movement of the bar; means for :rn'oving the said bar-limiting means to bring certain portions of the latter in position to be-abutted by the said bar to" limit,- to different. extents for successive sheds. Of the warp, the movement of the bar and hooks in 'the said lattendirection; means for rotating the saidshaft to effect a rotation of the hooks to twist the said loops; and means for disengaging the twisted loops from the hooks. 1 i

18. The combination in a fringe loom in which wefts are interwoven with war s to form bullion strands, of a lay; a bar slid ble on the lay; a hook rotatably mounted on the bar; a shaft=rotatably mounted on the lay a pinion keyed tothe hook; a gear wheel keyedo to the shaft, and meshing with the hook; means for moving the bar in one direction to move the hook into the warp shed; means for feeding yarn to the hook while the latter is in the warp shed; means for moving the bar in the opposite direction, to pull a loop of the weft through the warp shed ;,a standard fixed to the lay; a plurality of pulleys journaled on the standard; a belt supported by the pulleys, lugs of variable length projecting from the belt; means for ,moving the lugs successively into alineme t to be abutted by "the latter movement of the\ bar; means for rotating the shaft, to twist the loops into strands; and means fOIcdlS- engaging the strands from the hooks.

19. The combination in a fringe loom in which wefts are interwoven with warps to form bullion strands, of a lay; a bar slidable on the lay; a hook rotatably mounted on the bar; a shaft rotatably mounted on the lay; a pinion keyed to the hook; a gear wheel keyed to the shaft, and meshing with the hook; means for moving the bar mono direction to move the hook into the warp shed; means for feeding yarn to the hook while the latter is 'in the warp shed; means for moving the bar in the opposite direction, to pull a loop of the weft throughthe warp shed; "a standard fixed to the lay; a plurality of pulleys journaled on the standard; a'belt supported by the pulleys; glugs of variable length projecting from the'belt; means for moving the lugs intermittently into alinement to be abutted bythe latter movement of the bar; -means for rotating the shaft, to twist the loops into strands; and means for disengaging the strands from the hooks.

20. The combination, ina fringe loo-m in which wefts are'interwoven with warpsto form bullion strands, ofva member; means for moving the member into 'the shedsof the warp; means for feeding a weft to the said member; and means .for movingsaid member todifferent extents to draw variable lengthloops of said weft thread through V said member; means for-moving said member to different extents to draw variable length loops of said Weft thread through the warp sheds to form bullion strands; and means for actuating said member to' twist the said loops.

' 22. The combination in a fringe leoxn'in which Wefts are interwoven with warps to form bullion strands, of e lay; a bar slideble on the lay; a member mounted on the bar adjacent the Warp; means for moving thebar to slide the said member into the shed of the Warp; means for feeding the yarn to the said member; means for sliding the bar to move the member While holding the yarn, out of the shed; and means having a vai'iable contour for limiting, to difi'erent extents the distance of the outward movement of the said bar in successive sheds ol the Warp.

23. The combination, in a fringe loom in which Wefts are interwoven with warps to form bullion strands, of a lay; a bar slidable on. the lay; a member mounted on the bar adjacent the Warp; means for moving the hal to slide the said member into the shed of the Warp; to the said member; mee. bar tb move the member, while l'iolding the yarn, out of the shed; means having a variable'eonioor it'or limiting the distance of the outward n'iovement of v the said bar; and means for actuating the said member, while holding the yarn, to twist the latter.

in testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification, in the-presence of two subscribing witnesses.

HERMAN J. Mti'tmns.

Witnesses A UGUSTUS B. Comes,

VVM'. A. BARR.

means for feeding the yarn for sliding the 

